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A distance-vector routing protocol that provides the standard IGP protocol for LAN. It also gives network stability and this is called Routing Information Protocol or simply "RIP". It guarantees that if one connection goes down, the network can adapt quickly to send some packet connection through another connection. Based from the hop count, the protocol can calculate for the best route to send packet information. It takes less CPU power and less Ram compared to other router protocols. Actually, it is the only routing protocol that is supported by all software and devices.

In June 1988, the routing protocol (RIP) was written by the C. Hedrick from the Rutgers University in New Jersey, USA. Since then, RIP became the most common Internet routing protocol for routing within networks. RIP is based around the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) and was developed for smaller IP networks. UDP port 520 is used in this protocol for route updates. It also became the standard protocol for research labs.

Routing Information Protocol has three versions. RIPv1, RIPv2 and RIP new generation (RIPng) are the three versions that the RIP had.

For the first version of RIP, it only works if the hop count is only 16 (0-15). If the hop count exceeds the 16 mark between two routers, it fails to send packet data to the desired address. It makes the date packets invalid. In addition, the authentication of the router has no support thus, making it vulnerable to various attacks.

The second version of the RIP was developed due t the deficiencies of the original one. The hop count limit for the second version remained the same so that it can maintain backward compatibility. The second version multicasts the entire routing table as opposed to the broadcast of the first version. It also supports the update authentication of the first version.

The latest version for this routing protocol is called the RIP new generation or simply called RIPng. This is an extension of the second version of RIP to support the IPv6. There are several differences that RIPng and RIPv2 had, these are the following:

. The RIPng supports the IPv6 networking. RIPng does not support the updates authentication of the first version. . Attaching arbitrary tags to routes is not supported in RIPng.

Some RIP facts to remember:

. For the first and second version, the RIP's administrative distance is 120.. Via multicast address 224.0.0.9., the RIPv2 sends routing updates. RIPv2 are not enabled as default in Cisco routers. The ver 2 command must be used in RIP Router Configuration Mode in order to use RIPv2, . Routing updates are summarized automatically by the RIP. The usage of the no auto-summary command, the automatic summarization of the routing updates can be disabled. . The metric used in the RIP is the Hop count.

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